Structural Design – The Constructor

What is Longitudinal Skin Reinforcement in a Beam?

Madeh Izat Hamakareem — Thu, 07 Apr 2022 17:11:52 +0000

Longitudinal skin reinforcement is deformed bars, wires, or bonded prestressed reinforcement placed uniformly on both sides of the vertical face of the tension zone in relatively deep beams to control crack width. If the deep beam is not equipped with such reinforcement, the width of cracks in its web will be larger than the cracks […]

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Exposure Conditions Affecting the Durability of Concrete

Madeh Izat Hamakareem — Sat, 03 Apr 2021 11:02:23 +0000

Different exposure conditions are established based on the degree of severity of the environmental conditions of the area in which the structure is located. Various codes such as Indian Standard, American Concrete Institute, and European Standard have set similar exposure categories for reinforced concrete structures. The exposure conditions govern durability requirements, materials selection and proportion, […]

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What is Slenderness Ratio of RC Column and How to Calculate it?

Madeh Izat Hamakareem — Mon, 15 Mar 2021 17:46:14 +0000

The slenderness ratio of a reinforced concrete (RC) column is the ratio between the length of the column, its lateral dimensions, and end fixity. It assesses the ability of the reinforced concrete column to resist buckling pressure. The slenderness ratio is calculated by dividing the column length by its radius of gyration. The slenderness ratio […]

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How to Design Continuous Beam and One-way Slab using ACI Approximate Analysis Method?

Madeh Izat Hamakareem — Fri, 05 Mar 2021 20:41:08 +0000

Continuous beams and one-ways slabs are statically indeterminate structures which i.e they cannot be analyzed using three equations of equilibrium developed to solve unknown moments and reactions of determinate members. That is why several methods such as slope deflection method, moment distribution method, displacement method and stiffness matrix, and ACI approximate method have been developed […]

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3 Important Cases of Building Collapse Due to Poor Construction Management

Ravi Panwar — Sun, 14 Feb 2021 16:08:12 +0000

Construction is perhaps the most critical stage in the life cycle of structures, mainly because of the danger of failure and the high chances of underestimating construction loads. A report developed by the American Society of Civil Engineers, based on their study of around 600 failed structures, found that around 40% of the structures failed […]

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Tips and Rules for Design of Reinforced Concrete Columns

Madeh Izat Hamakareem — Sun, 17 Jan 2021 17:09:52 +0000

The design of reinforced concrete (RC) column is carried out by following certain procedures. However, some specific rules and requirements need to be met. The conditions are commonly related to reinforcement ratio, size of rebars, spacing of steel bars, size and spacing of lateral ties or spirals, thickness of concrete cover, number of steel bars, […]

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Collapse of Willow Island Cooling Tower: One of the Worst Construction Disasters in the History of US

Ravi Panwar — Fri, 04 Dec 2020 13:19:36 +0000

The basic requirement in the design of any structure is that it should safely support all the loads during construction and in service. During the construction of the cooling tower at the Pleasants Power Station located at Willow Island, West Virginia, U.S., the designers made a huge blunder by overlooking the evaluation of peak construction […]

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Important Know-How on Progressive Collapse of Building Structures

Neenu S K — Fri, 27 Nov 2020 14:21:28 +0000

Progressive collapse or disproportionate collapse of a building occurs when the failure of a single structural element leads to the failure of other components in a progressive manner. The failure starts with the primary structural element, accompanied by the failure of adjoining elements, finally resulting in structural collapse. Progressive collapse is associated with the collapse […]

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